Turkey

Turkey is a vibrant playground for nomads, offering an enticing mix of spectacular landscapes and urban sophistication. Here, your office could be a rooftop terrace overlooking the dazzling skyline of Istanbul, or a quiet beachside bungalow on the shores of the Aegean Sea. As you tap away at your keyboard, you could be savoring the subtle complexities of Turkish tea, or planning an afternoon escape to wander through ruins that whisper tales of ancient civilizations.

Beyond the urban allure, the geographical diversity from the lunar landscapes of Cappadocia to the turquoise waters of the Aegean provides a rotating backdrop of inspiring settings. In Turkey, a conference call might be just a short walk from the sandy beaches of Antalya or under the gaze of the towering Hagia Sophia. The blend of affordability and rich cultural experiences, combined with the legendary Turkish hospitality, creates an ideal environment for creativity and productivity.

Turkey’s charm lies in its ability to offer more than just a place to work; it promises a lifestyle that is enriched with new discoveries and experiences each day. The markets, filled with the scent of spices and the vibrant colors of artisan crafts, invite you to explore after logging off. The local cuisine turns each meal into a culinary adventure. Here, the professional and personal merge in the most interesting of ways, providing nomads not just a place to stay, but a myriad of stories to live and tell.

I. The Basics

Cost of Living

Turkey offers an appealing cost of living, especially attractive to digital nomads looking to maximize value:

1. Housing: Rent varies widely depending on location. In major cities like Istanbul or Ankara, a one-bedroom apartment in the city center may cost between $200 to $400 per month, whereas in smaller towns or on the outskirts, prices can be significantly lower.
2. Utilities: Monthly utilities, including electricity, heating, cooling, and water, typically range from $50 to $100, depending on usage and season.
3. Internet: A broadband internet connection costs around $10 to $20 per month, offering good speed and reliability.
4. Groceries: A monthly grocery bill for one person might range from $100 to $150, while dining out at local restaurants offers great value, with meals costing between $3 to $10.
5. Transportation: Public transportation is highly affordable, with a monthly pass usually priced around $15 to $30, depending on the city.

Connectivity and Infrastructure

Turkey boasts a modern and extensive infrastructure that supports a robust telecommunications network, crucial for digital nomads requiring reliable internet access. In urban areas like Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir, high-speed internet is widely available and affordable, with various providers offering competitive packages tailored to different needs, typically ranging from 25 Mbps to 100 Mbps.

For those who travel frequently within Turkey, the country’s transport infrastructure is also impressive. Major cities are well-connected by an efficient network of buses, trams, and subways, while the high-speed train between Ankara and Istanbul offers a fast alternative for intercity travel. Air travel is facilitated by several international and domestic airports, making it easy to explore or work remotely from different parts of the country.

Healthcare

The healthcare system in Turkey is a two-tier system comprising both public and private facilities. The quality of healthcare in Turkey is high, especially in private hospitals where many of the medical staff are internationally trained. Private healthcare in Turkey is notable for its affordability and accessibility, with costs significantly lower than in many Western countries. This sector caters extensively to medical tourism, which means facilities are generally equipped with the latest technologies and staff are accustomed to dealing with foreign patients, often providing services in English. For digital nomads, obtaining a comprehensive health insurance plan that includes coverage for treatment in private hospitals is recommended. Additionally, many expatriates choose to take out Turkish private insurance to complement the national health service, ensuring more extensive coverage.

Safety

Safety in Turkey can vary regionally, but overall, it offers a secure environment for expatriates and tourists alike. Petty crimes like pickpocketing and minor scams are the most common risks, particularly in crowded tourist areas such as Istanbul’s Grand Bazaar and Taksim Square. As in any large city, it’s advised to be cautious with personal belongings and aware of your surroundings. Political demonstrations do occur and can sometimes turn volatile, so staying clear of these events and keeping abreast of local news is wise.

In terms of natural disasters, Turkey is located in an active seismic zone, which means earthquakes are possible. Buildings in Turkey are subject to strict safety regulations designed to withstand earthquakes, particularly in new constructions and developments. Being aware of basic earthquake safety protocols is also recommended. Overall, with standard precautions, Turkey remains a welcoming and safe destination.

II. Living in Turkey as a Digital Nomad

Climate

Turkey experiences a wide range of climates, largely influenced by its diverse geography. The coastal areas of the Aegean and Mediterranean feature a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters, ideal for those who enjoy sunny weather year-round. The Black Sea region is known for its more temperate climate, characterized by warm, humid summers and cool, damp winters, and frequent rainfall throughout the year. Central Anatolia, including cities like Ankara, experiences a continental climate with sharp temperature fluctuations between seasons—hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. This diversity allows digital nomads to choose a region that best suits their weather preferences, whether they’re seeking a vibrant summer or a snowy retreat.

Nature

Turkey’s natural landscapes are as varied as its climate, offering a rich array of settings from stunning seascapes to rugged mountains. The country’s lengthy coastline along the Aegean and Mediterranean Seas boasts pristine beaches, secluded coves, and bustling seaside resorts, perfect for water sports, sunbathing, and coastal hiking. Inland, the landscapes shift to the dramatic vistas of Cappadocia with its fairy-tale rock formations and hot air balloon rides, and further to the rugged terrain of Eastern Anatolia. For hiking enthusiasts, the Lycian Way offers a remarkable trekking experience along the turquoise coast, while the Kaçkar Mountains in the northeast attract those looking for challenging hikes amidst alpine scenery.

Lifestyle

The lifestyle in Turkey can vary significantly between the cosmopolitan bustle of Istanbul and the laid-back coastal towns. Istanbul offers a dynamic urban environment with a thriving cultural scene, modern amenities, and a cosmopolitan crowd. Here, digital nomads can find numerous co-working spaces, international networking events, and all the conveniences of a major global city. Turkish cuisine, renowned for its rich flavors and diversity, includes dishes like kebabs, meze, and baklava, using an array of spices, meats, and fresh produce. Street food, such as simit and döner, provides tasty and affordable eating options on the go.

Nightlife in Turkey similarly varies widely by location. Istanbul is the center of Turkey’s nightlife with a plethora of bars, nightclubs, and live music venues that cater to all tastes and budgets, often open until the early hours. In contrast, nightlife in smaller towns and more conservative areas might be more subdued but still offers charming cafes and smaller bars where locals and expatriates mingle. Whether you’re looking for a sophisticated evening of jazz and fine dining or a night of dancing and socializing, Turkey offers a rich tapestry of experiences that can enhance the social aspect of living abroad.

Culture

Turkey’s cultural heritage is deeply intertwined with its rich history, which spans multiple empires and civilizations. From the Byzantine and Ottoman empires to ancient Greek and Roman influences, each has left an indelible mark on the country’s architecture, art, and societal structures. Istanbul, straddling Europe and Asia across the Bosphorus Strait, is home to iconic historical sites such as the Hagia Sophia, Topkapi Palace, and the Blue Mosque, which reflect the city’s diverse cultural past. Beyond Istanbul, places like Ephesus and Troy offer insights into ancient Greek and Roman life, while the rock churches of Cappadocia showcase early Christian heritage.

Cultural festivals also play a significant role in Turkish life, with events like the Istanbul Film Festival, the International Whirling Dervishes Festival in Konya, and the Izmir International Fair providing vibrant platforms for cultural exchange and celebration. These events offer digital nomads a fantastic opportunity to immerse themselves in Turkish traditions and the contemporary cultural scene.

Language

The official language of Turkey is Turkish, which is spoken by the vast majority of the population. While Turkish is the predominant language, the levels of English proficiency can vary significantly between regions. In major cities like Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir, as well as in tourist-heavy areas, many people—especially the younger generation and those working in tourism and business sectors—speak English reasonably well. However, in rural or less touristy areas, English speakers may be more sparse.

For a digital nomad, navigating daily life in Turkey might require picking up some basic Turkish phrases, particularly for interacting in local markets, with service providers, or in social settings. Learning Turkish not only eases these interactions but also enriches the experience, allowing deeper connections with local people and their culture. Additionally, signage in tourist areas and public transport often includes English, making navigation and basic communication more manageable.

III. Cities to Consider

Istanbul

As Turkey’s cultural and economic hub, Istanbul offers a vibrant mix of history, culture, and modernity, making it an exciting place for digital nomads. The city is renowned for its historical sites such as the Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque, and the bustling Grand Bazaar. Istanbul’s dynamic atmosphere is supported by a wide array of coworking spaces, international cuisine, and a robust public transportation system. The city’s diverse neighborhoods—from the historic peninsula of Sultanahmet to the trendy streets of Beyoğlu—provide various living options to suit different preferences and budgets.

Ankara

Turkey’s capital, Ankara, offers a more laid-back alternative to the hustle and bustle of Istanbul but with all the amenities a digital nomad might need. It’s a city steeped in history with attractions like the Anıtkabir, the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, and the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations. Ankara also has a growing number of coworking spaces and is known for its green parks, vibrant local markets, and an active expat community, which can be particularly appealing for those looking to integrate more closely with local residents.

Izmir

Known as the pearl of the Aegean, Izmir is an ideal choice for digital nomads who prefer a coastal lifestyle. The city offers a more relaxed vibe with its beautiful waterfront promenade, historical sites like the Agora, and proximity to stunning beaches and resorts. Izmir is also a culinary haven with its fresh seafood and Aegean cuisine. The city’s growing startup scene, coupled with a variety of coworking spaces, makes it an emerging hotspot for entrepreneurs and remote workers.

Antalya

For those who are drawn to smaller, more tourist-oriented cities, Antalya is a perfect fit. Known for its stunning Mediterranean beaches, historical ruins, and the picturesque old town of Kaleiçi, Antalya offers a slower pace of life. The city also hosts a significant expat community, thanks to its appealing climate and affordable cost of living. While it might have fewer coworking spaces than larger cities, its cafes and beachfront venues provide ample opportunities for productive work sessions in a scenic setting.

Gaziantep

For a truly immersive cultural experience, Gaziantep is an intriguing option. This city is famed for its culinary heritage, especially its baklava and kebabs, and its rich history, evident in the Gaziantep Fortress and the Zeugma Mosaic Museum. Though less known as a digital nomad destination, Gaziantep offers a unique glimpse into traditional Turkish life and the opportunity to explore an area rich in culture and history away from the usual tourist paths.

IV. Off the Beaten Track

Exploring Turkey beyond its well-known tourist destinations can lead digital nomads to some hidden gems where the authentic charm and quiet beauty of the country are palpable. Here are some off-the-beaten-path locations that offer a unique blend of cultural immersion, natural beauty, and a peaceful environment for working remotely.

Safranbolu

This UNESCO World Heritage site is a living museum, famous for its well-preserved Ottoman-era houses and its traditional Turkish confectionery, Turkish delight. Safranbolu offers a glimpse into the past with its historic architecture, old bazaars, and charming tea gardens. It’s an ideal spot for digital nomads looking for inspiration in history and a quiet place to work away from the city bustle.

Kars

Located in the northeastern part of Turkey, Kars is a gateway to the ancient city of Ani, also known as the “City of 1001 Churches.” The city’s unique blend of Turkish and Russian architectural styles and its remote location make it a fascinating place for those interested in history and architecture. The tranquil pace of life and scenic landscapes offer a serene backdrop for nomads seeking solitude and concentration.

Amasra

A small harbor town on the Black Sea coast, Amasra is celebrated for its stunning sea views and fresh seafood. The town’s ancient fortifications, including a Byzantine gate and Roman walls, add to its historic charm. Amasra’s quiet beaches and forested hills are perfect for digital nomads who find peace and creativity by the sea.

Bozcaada

An island off Turkey’s western coast, Bozcaada boasts beautiful stone houses, cobblestone streets, and vineyards that produce some of Turkey’s best wines. The island is less commercial and more relaxed than the popular tourist islands, offering pristine beaches and a laid-back lifestyle ideal for writers, artists, and remote workers looking for a picturesque and tranquil environment.

Ağva

Nestled between two rivers on the Black Sea coast, about two hours from Istanbul, Ağva is a quiet retreat in nature. Known for its lush greenery and tranquil river settings, it offers outdoor activities like boating and hiking. Ağva provides a peaceful escape with the comforts of small-town amenities, perfect for digital nomads seeking a natural setting close to urban facilities.

V. Visas for Digital Nomads in Turkey 

1. Digital Nomad Visa (Turquoise Card)

Turkey’s Digital Nomad Visa, also known as the Turquoise Card, is designed for remote workers who want to live and work in Turkey while being employed by companies or having clients outside of Turkey. The visa allows for a stay of up to one year and is targeted at digital nomads from specific eligible countries, including the USA, UK, EU countries, Canada, and several others. Applicants must demonstrate a significant income and have a university degree.

Application Process:

1. Digital Nomad Identification Certificate Application: Begin by applying for the Digital Nomad Identification Certificate through the official Digital Nomads GoTürkiye website. This involves filling out an online application form.
2. Visa Appointment: After obtaining the Identification Certificate, schedule and attend a visa appointment at a Turkish consulate or visa center, where the actual visa application process will be finalized.

Documentation Required:

• A valid passport with at least six months of validity beyond the planned arrival date in Turkey.
• Proof of employment or freelance work with a company or clients located outside of Turkey.
• Proof of a minimum annual income of $36,000 USD.
• A university degree or equivalent educational qualification.
• Biometric photo.

This visa is particularly appealing for its combination of allowing a substantial stay and providing the flexibility to work remotely from a country that bridges Europe and Asia.

2. e-Visa

Overview: The e-Visa is suitable for short-term visitors who intend to stay in Turkey for tourism or business-related activities for up to 90 days within a 180-day period. This electronic visa is quickly obtainable online and is an excellent option for digital nomads planning a short visit.

Application Process:

• Online Application: The e-Visa can be applied for through the official Republic of Türkiye Electronic Visa Application System. The process is fast, usually completed within minutes.
• Immediate Use: The e-Visa is issued electronically and must be printed out and presented at the border upon arrival.

Documentation Required:

• Passport valid for at least six months from the date of entry into Turkey.
• A valid credit or debit card to pay the visa fee.
• Depending on the purpose of the visit, additional documentation such as an invitation letter or business information may be required.

3. Short-Term Residence Permit

Overview: The Short-Term Residence Permit is intended for individuals who wish to stay in Turkey longer than the duration allowed by a tourist visa but do not intend to work locally. This permit is ideal for digital nomads who plan to stay in Turkey for up to one year and can be extended. Applicants must not engage in paid or unpaid work for a Turkish company.

Application Process:

• Submission: Applications must be submitted online through the e-ikamet system, followed by a scheduled appointment at the local Migration Management office in Turkey.
• Renewal: The permit can be renewed annually as long as the requirements continue to be met.

Documentation Required:

• A valid passport with an expiry date beyond the requested residence permit period.
• Evidence of sufficient financial resources to support the stay in Turkey.
• Proof of address in Turkey, such as a rental agreement.
• Health insurance that covers the duration of the stay.

VI. Tips for a Smooth Landing

Accommodation

Research Online: Start by exploring online platforms like Sahibinden, Zingat, and Hurriyet Emlak, which list rental options across Turkey. For a more localized approach, Facebook groups and expat forums can provide insights and direct rentals not listed on larger platforms.

Consider Location: Depending on your work needs and lifestyle preferences, decide whether you prefer the dynamic atmosphere of cities like Istanbul and Izmir or quieter coastal or inland towns. Each area will have different accommodation costs and amenities.

Short-term Options: Initially, opt for short-term rentals through Airbnb or Booking.com. This gives you the flexibility to explore different neighborhoods and understand the local housing market before committing to a longer-term lease.

Finances

Opening a Bank Account: To open a bank account in Turkey, you will need your passport, a tax number from the local tax office, proof of Turkish residence (or your rental agreement), and sometimes a utility bill. Major banks like Garanti BBVA, Akbank, and İş Bankası offer services tailored to foreigners and usually provide English-speaking staff.

Financial Planning: Keep in mind the cost of living can vary widely between cities and rural areas. Managing finances through a Turkish bank can simplify local transactions and help avoid high foreign transaction fees. Consider international money transfer services like Wise for affordable currency conversion.

Transport

Urban Transport: Larger cities like Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir have extensive public transport networks including buses, metros, and trams that are cost-effective and convenient. Istanbulkart and Izmirim Kart, rechargeable transport cards, can be used across multiple types of public transit.

Inter-city Travel: For longer distances, the intercity bus network is extensive and affordable. Companies like Kamil Koç, Metro Turizm, and Varan offer frequent services between major cities. Trains, although less extensive, provide scenic routes, particularly the high-speed train connecting major cities like Ankara, Konya, and Istanbul.

Driving: Renting or buying a car can provide more flexibility, especially in rural areas. Be aware that driving in Turkey can be challenging due to different driving styles and traffic congestion in cities.

Customs

Social Interactions: Turks are generally warm and hospitable. It’s common to be invited to someone’s home for tea or a meal. Accepting such invitations can enrich your experience and help build local connections.

Language: While Turkish is the official language, English is widely spoken in tourist areas and large cities. Learning basic Turkish phrases will be appreciated and can enhance everyday interactions.

Cultural Sensitivity: Turkey is a secular country with a predominantly Muslim population. Showing respect for local traditions and dressing modestly, especially during religious holidays like Ramadan, is important. Public displays of affection are less common, particularly in conservative rural areas.

Business Etiquette: Punctuality is valued, and formal greetings are customary in professional settings. Building personal relationships is crucial in Turkish business culture, so take the time to engage in small talk and get to know your colleagues or clients.

VII. Verdict

Turkey, with its rich tapestry of history and vibrant bazaars, offers digital nomads a kaleidoscope of experiences that can dazzle and overwhelm in equal measure. Here, you can begin your day with a serene sunrise over the Bosporus, your laptop humming softly beside a steaming cup of potent Turkish coffee, and end it navigating the frenetic energy of Istanbul’s Grand Bazaar, haggling over a kilim rug. The mingling scents of spices and the rhythmic call to prayer provide a sensory backdrop to your workday that few other places on earth can offer.

Yet, the very charms of Turkey that captivate, can also challenge. The whirl of Istanbul might thrill for a time, but the city’s bustling pace isn’t for the faint of heart or those who cherish order and predictability in their daily routine. Internet reliability, while largely solid in urban centers, can waver as unpredictably as a dervish in more remote locales, potentially upending a day’s work. The bureaucratic dance involved in setting up shop here, from securing a residence permit to opening a bank account, can be a slow and intricate ballet that tests even the most patient nomad.

But for all these challenges, the rewards of immersing oneself in Turkish life are immense. From Cappadocia to the azure waters of the Aegean, Turkey offers landscapes that are bound to inspire. The cuisine alone – a spread of meze followed by a succulent kebab – is on its own sufficient reason to consider it as an option high up on your list. And the warmth of Turkish hospitality, where a stranger is just a friend you’ve yet to meet, can make the ever elusive feeling of “home” seem that little bit closer.